Automatic lathe



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1, P. E. FISHER.

AUTOMATIC LATHE. I

No. 360,215. Patented Mar. 29, 1887.

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1 E. FISHER.

AUTOMATIC LATHE.

No. 360,215. Patented Mar. 29, 188"].

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P. E. FISHER.

AUTOMATIC LATHE.

No. 360,216. Patented Mar. 29, 1887.

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AUTOMATIC LATHE.

No. 360,215; Patented Mar. 29, 1887.

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AUTOMATIC LATHE.

PATENT Tr es.

DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

SPECIPICATEON for irrg part of Letters Patent No. 360,215, dated March29, 1887.

A pplicaiion filed January 29,1885.

T 0 aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK E. Frsrrnu, of Detroit, in the county of Wayneand State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement inAutomatic Lathes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to automatic lathes; and it consists in the severalnovel features of construction and combinations of parts here inafterfully set forth, and definitely pointed out in the claims following thisspecification.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of themachine. Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken in the plane 00 m, Fig. 1.Fig. 3 is a perspective view. Fig. 4 is a plan view. Fig. 5 is a detailperspective of the mechanism by which the blanks are delivered from thechute to the machine. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective of the rounding andforming knife carriers. Fig. 7 is a cross-section of shaft 22, showingthe cam-wheel and rod which reciprocate the dead-spindle and the armmoving the delivery-plate. Fig. 8 is a detail of the lever by which theblank-feeding mechanism is operated.

In the said drawings, the reference-numeral 1 denotes the frame of themachine, which is mounted upon suitable legs, and partly cut away at thecentral portion, as shown in Fig. 3. A sliding carriage, 2, is mountedon and supported by a dovetailed projection, 5, attached to the side ofthe frame. A pitman,

the carriage 2, and is connected with a crank, 15, upon a transverseshaft, 22, which carries on its other end a large gear-wheel, 23,drivenby a pinion, 25, fixed on a separate shaft and driven by any suitablepower.

Upon the shaft 22 is a large cam-wheel, 24, having cut in its face acam-race, 58. A bevel-gear, 21, is also mounted on shaft 22, and atright angles to the latter shaft is arranged a shaft, 68, in the samehorizontal plane with shaft 22, and journaled atone end in one of theboxes carrying the shaft 22 and at the other end in a box, 68, formed onan extension of the machine-frame. A bcvelgear, 20, is carried on shaft68, and meshes with the gear 21. A live-spindle, 33, is mounted inbearings 33 on the frame and driven by a belt acting upon a pulley, 37.The numeral 32 represents the dead-spindle.

(No model.)

The livespindle has its end provided with teeth to grasp and rotate thearticle to be turned, while the dead-spindle has a pointed end to centerthe work, and is journaled in boxes 32, upon a sliding carriage, 3,sliding on a dovetailed projection, 6, upon the frame.

A connecting-rod, 10, is secured at one end to carriage 3, the end ofsaid rod being passed through a lug, 13, on the carriage and thenthrough a coiled spring, 12, said spring being confined between a nut,73, on the end of the rod and the lug 13, so that when moved to ward theright in Fig. 3 the spring 12 will be compressed and move the carriage,the retrograde movement being produced by the enlarged part of the rodpressing on the lug 13. The purpose oft-his arrangement is to al lowsome yielding and still maintain pressure when the deadspindle is forcedagainst the work. The rod 10 slides in bearings 10 on the frame, and hasupon its end a pin, which enters the cam-race 58, whereby the rod isreciprocated by the rotation of the cam-wheel 24.

Upon the carriage 2 are formed two lugs, 40, which support a rod, 41,upon which are journaled two arms, 35 and 36, in such manner that theirfree ends can rise and fall; but they are prevented, in any suitablemanner, from longitudinally moving on the rod. The free end of rod 36rests upon the top of frame 1, and the free end of arm also rests uponthe top of said frame; but the under part of arm 36 is cut away, so thatthe end of said arm rests on the edge of the top of the frame farthestfrom rod 41, or upon the inner portion of the edge, while the end of arm35 rests upon the outer portion of the edge of the top of the frame. Theobject of this is to permit the free ends of said arms to travel indifferent but parallel paths as said arms are drawn along the top of theframe by carriage 2.

In the free ends of arms 35 and 36 are placed knives of a kind adaptedto turn wood, the knife in arm 35 projecting somewhat farther toward thespindles than the knife in arm 36.

That part of the top of frame 1 on which the free end of arm 35 travelsis horizontal until it passes the end of the live-spindle, when it risesto raise the knife and prevent it from coming into contact with saidspindle, the rise being effected by an angular or cam portion,

2", Fig. 6, formed on the frame 1. On that part of the bed along whichthe free end of arm '36 travels is bolted a form, 35, having the generalcontour of the article to be turned,

and so placed that the free end of the arm will Above the lathe ismounted a chute, 34, by

which blanks are fed to'the lathe, said chute being supported by arms60, in such position that blanks passing through the chute will havetheir centers brought into the line of the spindle-centers and withinthe space between said spindles.

Upon the chute 34 are pivoted two arms, 62, by means of a pin, 44. Thesearms carry at their lower end a plate, 61, which projects under thechute and over the frame of the machine, where it is pivoted to a lever,48, Fig. 2. Upon opposite sides of the center of the chute are pivotedtwo arms, 49, upon pivots 48*, said arms extending down below the spindles and having their lower ends provided with hooked or curved fingers49, which underlie the spindles, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. These armsare connected by a toggle, 51, op-. erated in a manner presently to beshown.

Upon one side of the chute 34isa U-shaped frame, 63, having its upperend pivotally connected with the arms 62 by pins 45, and pivotallymounted upon the wall of the chute by means of a pivot-bar, 46, havingbearing in brackets 46, and passing through the parallel arms of frame63 at or near their central portion. The lower ends of the parallel armsof the frame 63 carry pins 63, Figs. 2 and 5, which project throughopenings 47 in the wall of the chute, formed at such height from thebottom of the chute that when the latter is full of blanks resting onthe bottom plate, 61, the pins on frame 63 will be opposite to thesecond blank from the bottom. A leaf-spring, 50, is secured to the sideof the chute and presses upon the upper end of frame 63, forcing ittoward the chute and normally drawing the pins 63 out of theinterior, asshown in Fig. 2. Lever48, which operates the arms 62, and through themthe frame 63, is pivoted on a verticalshaft, 39, on which is mounted asecond lever, 42, beneath the lever 48, and so arranged that it canswing toward the spindles 32 and 33, without turning the shaft 39, butcannot be turned in the opposite direction without rotating-said shaft.

The required connection can be'made by cutting a ratchet on the shaftand placing a pawl on the lever, or by inserting a pin, 39, man openingin the shaft 39 and allowing it to project through a slot, 42, cutthrough the lever. .Ihave illustrated in Fig. 8 of the drawings'thelatter form of connection only, al-' though there are several which canbe used, allot which are familiar to mechanics. The

free end of the lever 42 has a downwardly-extending cam, 7 Lhaving theoppositely-arranged cam-surfaces 71 and 71", which make contact with apin, 70, mounted on the carriage '2, so that when said carriage travelsto the right, pin will. force the end of lever 42 away from thespindles, thereby turning shaft .39 and swinging lever 48. This exerts apull on the plate 61,drawing it out from beneath the chute. \Vhen thecarriage 2 moves toward the right, Figs. 2 and 4, the pin 70 will swingthe lever 42, but without affecting shaft 39. The form of the end of thelever 42 by which these functions are secured is shown in Fig. 8. Thelevers 42 and 48 are returned to their original position after pin 70passes off the cam endof the former by the action of the spring 50 andthe arms of the frames 62 and 63.

Upon the frame 1 is a downward projection, 7, having a dovetail, whichserves as a guide for a vertically-moving carriage, 4, to the upper endof. which is secured a knife, such as is used in the well-known \Vhitneylathe, the blade being shaped so that its edge conforms to the outlineof the article to be turned, said knife being shown in Fig. 2 and marked67. A shaft, 17, is journaled in bearings 26 and 26, mounted on theframe, and carries at one end a gear-wheel, 1S, meshing with gear 19, bywhich it is driven. At the other end the shaft has a crank, 16,connected with carriage 4 by a pitman, 11. As the knife 67 must rise, doits work, and descend while carriage 2 is traveling from the point wherethe knife on arm 35 ceases to work to the end of its journey and backagain to said point, and as it is desirable to shorten the travel ofsaid carriage as much as possible, to make the operation of the lathemore rapid,and also to cause the knife 67 to descend far enough to bewell out of the way of the other mechanism, Iprefer to make the strokeof crank 163greater than the stroke of crank 15, thus making knife 67travel faster than carriage 2 when shafts 68, 22, and 17 revolve at thesame rate'of speed.

A plate, 57, having its upper edge beveled, is secured to carriage 4. Arock-shaft, 54, is journaled in bearings formed in the extension 7 andin a bracket, 55, secured thereto. On this rock-shaft is mountedacrank-arm, 56, having its end bent so as to overlie the plate 57 andthe outer edge of the carriage 4, and move thereon when the carriage 4rises.

On the outer end of the rock -shaft 54 is mounted a second crank-arm,58, pivotally connected to a rod, 52, the latter being connected to onemember of the toggle 51-, so that when the carriage 4 rises far enoughto h-ave the beveled end of plate 57 strike theend of lever56 andactuate the rock-shaft 54, the

lever 58 will be depressed and the toggle 51 drawn down, thereby forcingthe lower hooked ends of the arms 49 apart. A spring, 59, bears againstthe under edge of lever 58, and tends to throw its end upward andrestore it and the parts connected to it to their normal position themoment the cam-plate57 passes off of IlO and releases the lever 56 asthe carriage 4 moves downward.

A deliveryplate, 27, is formed on or attached to a shank, 27, and theend of the latter pivoted to the frame 1 at the point 29. In said shank27 is out an angular slot, 31, which receives a pin, 30, carried by arod, 39, which lies just back of rod 10, Figs. 3 and 4. The end of therod 30 is attached to a bracket, 38, which straddles and moves freelyupon the rod 10. Said bracket is moved by a bar, 28, which has near itsother end a pin, 28, Fig. 7, which travels in the cam-race 58,reciprocating the bracket 38, the action of the bar 30 being very nearlythe same as and synchro nous with that of the rod 10.

The lever 42 is normally thrown outward, away from the spindles, by acoil-spring, 42", whereby the cam-surface 71 is held in position toengage with the pin 70 as the carriage 2 moves toward the end of theframe. This swings the lever 48 and opens the chute, and as the carriage2 returns the pin 70 strikes the cam-surface 71 and swings lever 42inward. After the lever 48 is actuated the chute is closed by the actionof the spring 50.

The operation of the machine is as follows: A number of blanks sawed toproper size are placed in the chute and supported by the plate 61. Themachine being set in motion, the carriage travels toward the right ofFig. 1 until the pin 70 operates the lever 42 in the manner set forth,drawing out the plate 61 and allow ing the lower blank to drop into thecurved ends 49 of the arms 49. Asthe plate 61 moves out the pins 63 arethrown inward against the second blank from the bottom and hold it,sustaining the remaining blanks in the chute until the pin 70 releasesthe lever 42, when the plate 61 is thrown back, closing the chute, andat the same time the pins 63 are with drawn, allowing the entire pile ofblanks to descend and rest upon plates 61, after which the operation isrepeated at each reciprocation of the carriage. The cam-race 58 in wheel24 now acts upon pin in rod 10, actuating carriage 3 and th rowing thedead-spindle32 against the end of the blank which lies in the hookedarms 49, and thereby driving the other end of the blank into engagementwith the live spindle, which immediately sets it in rotation. Carriage 2is now drawn by the action of crank toward the center of the machine,and the knife on arm 35, coming in contact with the blank, rounds it,preparing it for the action of knife upon arm 36, which, being guided bythe form 35, shapes the blank approximately to the shape of the articleto be formed. As soon as the knife on arm 36 passes beyond the blank therotation of the crank 16 raises the carriage 4 and knife 67, whichfinishes the work, smoothing the surface and squaring the corners, whichcannot be done by a knife carried by an arm and guided by a form. Ascarriage 4 rises cam-plate 57 forces lever 56 outward, depresses lever58, drawing down rod 52 and toggle 51, and spread ing the lower hookedends of arms 49, holding them in this position while plate 57 acts onlever 56. forces carriage 3, and with it the dead-spindle 32, toward theend of the machine, releasing the finished work, which falls on thedeliveryplate 27. As the carriage t descends camplate 57 releases lever56, and the arms 49 return to position, bringing their curved ends underthe spindles. The chute then is opened and a second blank released, theoperations being repeated. \Vhen the dead-spindle is drawn up to ablank, the cam-race 58 in wheel 24 draws rod 28 and bracket 38 towardsaid wheel, and the pin 30, moving in the angular slot 31, throws theplate 27 into the position shown in Fig. 4, throwing the finished workaway from the machine.

This lathe is designed principally for mak ing telegraph insulator pins,but may be adapted for turning other work.

.Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. The combinationof alive and dead spindle, a reciprocating carriage driven by a crankand pitman, a trimming-lniife carried by an arm pivoted on saidcarriage, a shapingknife carried by an independent arm pivoted on thesame support as the trimmingknife, a form guiding the latter knife, thefree ends of the arms carrying said knives traveling in different butparallel lines upon a support, and an incline formed on said support toautomat cally raise the arm carrying the trimming knife at the properpoint, substantially as described.

2. In an automatic lathe, the combination of the following elements,viz: a live-spindle constantly driven by a belt, a dead-spindle mountedupon a carriage supported by and sliding on the frame of the lathe andhaving connected thereto a connecting-rod operated by a cam, whereby anintermittent reciprocating motion is imparted to said carriage,a cranksecured to the shaft which carries said cam and connected by a pitmanwith a sliding carriage supported on the frame of the lathe, two armspivoted to said last-named carriage, each carrying a knife adapted tooperate upon a blank held between said spindles, and a vertically movingcarriage carrying a finishing-knife and driven by gearing from the shaftwhich carries the said cam and crank, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the carriage 2, sliding on the dovetailed support5, the pitman 9, crank 15, shaft 22, cam-wheel 24, having camrace 58,connecting'rod 10, having a pin engaging said race, said rod having adiminished end, a lug,13,through which it passes,aspring, 12, coiled onthe end, the nut 73, the carriage 3, dead-spindle 32, bevel-gears and21, gears 18 and 19, shaft 17, crank 16, carriage 4, pitman 11, knife67, arms and 36, pivotally mounted on the carriage 2, and thelive-spindle 33, substantially as described.

4. In combination with the live and dead At this point the camwvheel 24IIO spindles of alathe andachutesupported above the ends of and betweensaid spindles and adapted to contain blanks, two arms pivotally mountedat the ends of said chute and having hooked extremities underlying thespindle ends, a toggle connecting said arms, a connect ing-rod pivotedto the toggle, and a rock-shaft and lever operating said arm, wherebythe hooked arms are spread at intervals and alternately brought beneaththe spindles to receive the blank fed from the chute, substantially asdescribed.

5. In combination with the live and dead spindles ofa lathe, a chutesupported over said spindles and adapted to contain blanks, a plateclosing the bottom of said chute, a lever carrying said plate, arock-shaft carrying said le ver, a lever mounted on said shaft andconnected therewith by a pin on the shaft lying in a segmental slot inthe end of the lever, and a pin on a reciprocating carriage engagingwith'cam-surfaces on the lever'and actuating the lever carrying thebottom plate of the pins carried by the lower ends of said arms andentering openingsin the wall of the chute, and means, substantially asdescribed, for actuating the lever carrying the bottom plate, substantially as described. a

7. The combination of the chute 34, swinging arms 62, pivoted to saidchute at 44, and carrying the bottom plate, 61, lever 43, pivoted tosaid bottom plate, 61, at 66, and connected to rock-shaft 39, level"42,secu red to rock-shaft 39 in such man ner as to operate saidrock-shaft only in one direction, pins 70, carried on sliding carriage 2and adapted to engage with and swing lever 42, and frame 63, pivoted tothe chute at 46 and to the swinging arms62 at-45, and carrying at itslower ends pins adapted to pass through holes 47, substantially asdescribed.

8. The combination of the chute 34, pivoted arms 49, pivoted to thechute at 48, toggle-joint 51, connecting-rod 52 and lever 56, spring 59,and cam 57,- carried by sliding carriage 4, substantially as described.

9. In combination with the spindles of a lathe, the delivery-plate 27,having its shank pivoted to the frame of the lathe at 29,'and having anangular slot, 31, in said shank, connecting-rod 23 33, reciprocated by,acam and carrying a pin, 30, which passes through said angular slot 31,substantially as described.

FRANK E. FISHER.

Witnesses:

WM. E. REILLEY, CHAS. S. Davis.

